EmStat4M Module

Tested & calibrated potentiostat module

  • Desktop performance in the palm of your hand
  • Enables rapid prototyping
  • Easy to reproduce measurements using MethodSCRIPTâ„¢
  • Many code examples for different languages and platforms
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is an electrochemical technique to measure the impedance of a system in dependence of the AC potentials frequency. With this option you can select the maximum AC frequency for EIS.
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Description

The EmStat4M is a potentiostat/galvanostat module supporting all common electrochemical techniques, including Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The EmStat4M can be evaluated with our PSTrace software for Windows. You can write your own applications for the EmStat4M module using our .NET libraries or MethodSCRIPT™ and control it from any platform or operating system.

Versions

The EmStat4M comes in two different versions:

  • Low Range (LR): current range from 1 nA to 10 mA (max. 30 mA)
  • High Range (HR): current ranges from 100 nA to 100 mA (max. 200 mA)

Both versions can be configured with optional EIS/FRA with a maximum frequency of 200 kHz.
See specifications for more information.

Onboard storage

Every EmStat4M is equipped with an internal storage of 500 MB, equivalent to 15 million data points.
This means all your measurements can automatically be saved onboard as a backup.

 

Start developing with the EmStat4M

The EmStat4M module can be ordered as a bare module or as part of a kit. We offer a Starter Kit and Development Kit as well. The Starter Kit includes a sensor cable, software, and more. The Development Kit comes with the EmStat4M module mounted on a development board. The development board features a Bluetooth module, Li-Ion battery charging, and options for making external connections to an Arduino for example. See the table below for an overview of what is included in both kits. 

 

  Module only Starter Kit Development Kit
EmStat4M LR or HR module
Development Board
USB-C cable
USB-C splitter cable for extra power (EmStat4M HR only)
Sensor cable (1 meter with 2 mm pins)
4 or 5 croc clips
Dummy Cell
PSTrace software for Windows (on USB drive)
Quick Start document
Calibration report

 

Techniques

Voltammetric techniques

  • Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV)
  • Cyclic Voltammetry (CV)
  • Fast cyclic Voltammery (FCV)*
  • AC Voltammetry (ACV)*

Amperometric techniques

  • Chronoamperometry (CA)
  • Zero Resistance Amperometry (ZRA)
  • Chronocoulometry (CC)
  • MultiStep Amperometry (MA)
  • Fast Amperometry (FAM)*
  • Pulsed Amperometric Detection (PAD)
  • Multiple-Pulse Amperometric Detection (MPAD)*

Galvanostatic techniques

  • Linear Sweep Potentiometry (LSP)
  • Chronopotentiometry (CP)
  • MultiStep Potentiometry (MP)
  • Open Circuit Potentiometry (OCP)
  • Stripping Chronopotentiometry (SCP or PSA)*

Pulsed techniques

  • Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV)
  • Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV)
  • Normal Pulse Voltammetry (NPV)

Other

  • Mixed Mode (MM)
  • Potentiostatic/Galvanostatic Impedance spectroscopy (EIS / GEIS)
    • Potential scan or current scan
    • Fixed potential or fixed current
    • Time scan
Stripping modes
The voltametric and pulsed techniques can all be used in their stripping modes which are applied for (ultra-) trace analysis.
Software update
Techniques marked with an asterisk* will become available with the next software update.
Missing a technique? See cross-reference list

Specifications

The EmStat4M is available in two versions: LR (Low Range) and HR (High Range). 

Main differences between the EmStat4M Low and High Range
  EmStat4M LR potentiostat module EmStat4M HR potentiostat module
 
Potential range ±3 V ±6 V
Max.
compliance voltage
The compliance voltage is the maximum voltage that can be applied between the working and counter electrode. Another name could be the maximum cell potential. Continue reading
±5 V ±8 V
Current ranges 1 nA to 10 mA (8 ranges) 100 nA to 100 mA (7 ranges)
Max. current ±30 mA ±200 mA
Electrode connections WE, RE, CE, and ground WE, RE, CE, Sense, and ground
General
  LR HR
dc-potential range
The maximum potential difference, that can be applied between WE and RE.
±3 V ±6 V
compliance voltage
The compliance voltage is the maximum voltage that can be applied between the working and counter electrode. Another name could be the maximum cell potential. Continue reading
±5 V ±8 V
maximum current ±30 mA ±200 mA
max. data acquisition rate 1 000 000 samples /s
Potentiostat
  LR HR
applied potential resolution 100 µV 183 µV
applied potential accuracy
The applied potential accuracy describes how close to the real values your applied potential is.

≤ 0.2% ±1 mV offset

current ranges
A potentiostat measures current. For optimal precision, the range between which currents are measured is split into multiple current ranges. A current range defines the maximum current a potentiostat can measure in a certain range. This means it will also determine the resolution, because the number of bits or rather states is fixed, while the current range is variable.

1 nA to 10 mA

8 ranges

100 nA to 100 mA

7 ranges

measured current resolution
The lowest observable difference between two values that a measurement device can differentiate between.
0.009% of CR (92 fA on 1 nA range)
measured
current accuracy
The current accuracy describes how close to the real values your measured current is.
≤ 0.2% at Full Scale Range
Galvanostat
  LR HR
current ranges
A potentiostat measures current. For optimal precision, the range between which currents are measured is split into multiple current ranges. A current range defines the maximum current a potentiostat can measure in a certain range. This means it will also determine the resolution, because the number of bits or rather states is fixed, while the current range is variable.

10 nA, 1 uA, 100 uA, 10 mA

4 ranges

1 uA, 100 uA, 10 mA, 100 mA

4 ranges

applied dc-current

±3 * CR (current range)

applied dc-current resolution

0.01% of CR

0.0183% of CR

applied dc-
current accuracy
The current accuracy describes how close to the real values your measured current is.
<0.4% (gain) + 0.002 * CR (offset)
measured dc-potential resolution

96 µV at ±3 V (1 V range)
48 µV at ±1.5 V (500 mV)
19.2 µV at ±0.6 V (200 mV)
9.6 µV at ±0.3 V (100 mV)
4.8 µV at ±0.150 V (50 mV)

193 µV at ±6 V (1 V range)
96.5 µV at ±3 V (500 mV)
38.5 µV at ±1.2 V (200 mV)
19.3 µV at ±0.6 V (100 mV)
9.65 µV at ±0.3 V (50 mV)

measured dc-potential accuracy ≤ 0.2% ±1 mV offset
FRA / EIS
  LR HR
frequency range 10 µHz to 200 kHz
ac-amplitude range

1 mV to 900 mV rms, or 2.5 V p-p

measured
current accuracy
The current accuracy describes how close to the real values your measured current is.
≤ 0.2% at Full Scale Range
GEIS
  LR HR
frequency range 10 µHz to 100 kHz
ac-amplitude range 

0.9 * CR (Arms)

Electrometer
  LR HR
electrometer amplifier input
The amplifier input resistance of the amplifier in the electrometer determines the load that the amplifier places on the source of the signal being fed into it. Ideally the resistance is infinite, and the load to be zero to not to influence your measurement.
> 1 TΩ // 10 pF
bandwidth
The range of frequencies between which you can measure. Continue reading
 

10 kHz default or

500 kHz for EIS and fast CA/CP

Other
  LR HR
electrode connections

WE, RE, CE,
and ground

WE, RE, CE, S
and ground

dimensions 62 mm X 40 mm X 7 mm
weight ± 130 g
power + communication USB-C port
internal storage space 500 MB, equivalent to > 15M datapoints
EmStat4M LR EIS Accuracy Contour Plot
EmStat4M HR EIS Accuracy Contour Plot
Note
The accuracy contour plots were determined with an ac-amplitude of ≤10 mV rms for all limits, except for the high impedance limit, which was determined using an ac-amplitude of 250 mV. The standard cables were used. Please note that the true limits of an impedance measurement are influenced by all components in the system, e.g. connections, the environment, and the cell.

Software

PSTrace

PSTrace for Windows provides support for all techniques and device functionalities. With a smooth simple interface, showing only the applicable controls, PSTrace is suitable for all levels of user experience. Functions include:

  • Direct validation of method parameters
  • Equivalent Circuit Fitting
  • Automated peak search
  • Scripting for running an automated sequence of measurements
  • Open data in Origin and Excel with one click of a button
  • Load data from EmStat4 internal storage
More information about PSTrace
PSTrace Method Editor

Software Development Kits

The PalmSens Software Development Kits (SDKs) for .NET can be used with any of our instruments or OEM potentiostat modules to develop your own software. The SDK’s come with a set of examples that shows how to use the libraries.

PalmSens SDKs with examples are available for the following .NET Frameworks:

  • WinForms
  • WPF
  • Xamarin (for Android)
More information about SDKs for .NET

MethodSCRIPTâ„¢ communications protocol

The EmStat4 potentiostat module has an on-board parser for the MethodSCRIPT™ scripting language. This language allows developers to program a human-readable script for the EmStat4 module on any platform or operating system. The simple script language allows for running electrochemical techniques supported by EmStat4 and makes it easy to combine different measurements and other tasks.

MethodSCRIPT

Downloads

Other (2)

Name Last updated
EmStat4M 3D STEP File Contains two STEP files for both EmStat4M LR and HR. Note that the optional USB connector at the bottom is normally not populated. The HR does not include the heat sinks on the heat pads. See also the EmStat4 HR Datasheet. 19-08-24
EmStat4M Altium symbol and footprint The ZIP file contains an Altium library with EmStat4M footprint and symbol 19-10-21

Software (8)

Name Last updated
PSTrace PC software for all single channel instruments PSTrace software is shipped as standard with all single channel and multiplexed instruments. The software provides support for all techniques and device functionalities. 08-07-24
MethodSCRIPT code examples MethodSCRIPT code examples include:
- MethodSCRIPTExample_C
- MethodSCRIPTExample_C_Linux
- MethodSCRIPTExample_C#
- MethodSCRIPTExample_Arduino
- MethodSCRIPTExample_Python
- MethodSCRIPTExample_iOS
- MethodSCRIPTExample_Android
Every code example comes with a "Getting Started" document.
07-07-24
EmStat4 Firmware v1.3.4 See app note "EmStat Pico firmware updating" for more information about updating built-in and bare EmStat4M modules. 25-03-24
EmStat4 Firmware v1.2.3 See app note "EmStat Pico firmware updating" for more information about updating built-in and bare EmStat4M modules. 08-02-23
PalmSens SDK for Python PalmSens Python SDK 5.9 with support for PalmSens instruments on Windows systems. 07-11-22
Getting started with PalmSens SDK for WPF This manual explains how to use the SDK with the included libraries and examples. 07-06-21
Getting started with PalmSens SDK for WinForms This manual explains how to use the SDK with the included libraries and examples. 07-06-21
Getting started with PalmSens SDK for Android This manual explains how to use the SDK with the included libraries and examples. 07-06-21

Documentation (10)

Name Last updated
EmStat4M Brochure EmStat4M Brochure including main specifications and practical limitations. 25-04-24
MethodSCRIPT v1.5 The MethodSCRIPT scripting language is designed to improve the flexibility of the PalmSens potentiostat and galvanostat devices for OEM users. It allows users to start measurements with arguments that are similar to the arguments in PSTrace. PalmSens provides libraries and examples for handling low level communication and generating scripts for MethodSCRIPT devices such as the EmStat Pico and EmStat4. 25-03-24
EmStat4M Communication Protocol V1.3 Describes how to communicate with the EmStat4M directly and how to send MethodSCRIPTS. 25-03-24
EmStat Pico and EmStat4 bootloader commands This document explains how to enter the bootloader of the EmStat Pico or the EmStat4M and update the firmware. 05-10-23
EmStat4M Communication Protocol V1.2 Describes how to communicate with the EmStat4M directly and how to send MethodSCRIPTS. 01-02-23
MethodSCRIPT v1.4 The MethodSCRIPT scripting language is designed to improve the flexibility of the PalmSens potentiostat and galvanostat devices for OEM users. It allows users to start measurements with arguments that are similar to the arguments in PSTrace. PalmSens provides libraries and examples for handling low level communication and generating scripts for MethodSCRIPT devices such as the EmStat Pico and EmStat4. 01-02-23
EmStat4M Connection Card This connection card provides an overview of the connector pin-outs. 14-03-22
MethodSCRIPT v1.3 The MethodSCRIPT scripting language is designed to improve the flexibility of the PalmSens potentiostat and galvanostat devices for OEM users. It allows users to start measurements with arguments that are similar to the arguments in PSTrace. PalmSens provides libraries and examples for handling low level communication and generating scripts for MethodSCRIPT devices such as the EmStat Pico and EmStat4. 19-01-22
EmStat4M Communication Protocol V1.0 Describes how to communicate with the EmStat4M directly and how to send MethodSCRIPTS. 14-10-21
MethodSCRIPT v1.2 MethodSCRIPT v1.2 protocol description 28-04-20

Datasheet (1)

Name Last updated
EmStat4M Datasheet Document with more detailed specifications including module pin-out. 30-11-23

Application Note (1)

Name Last updated
Migrating to the EmStat4M LR or HR This Application note shows the differences between our older and latest EmStat modules which are relevant when switching your software and electronics design to work with the EmStat4 LR or HR. 06-10-22
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